Global Risks Report 2. Reports. Every step forward in artificial intelligence (AI) challenges assumptions about what machines can do. Myriad opportunities for economic benefit have created a stable flow of investment into AI research and development, but with the opportunities come risks to decision- making, security and governance.
Increasingly intelligent systems supplanting both blue- and white- collar employees are exposing the fault lines in our economic and social systems and requiring policy- makers to look for measures that will build resilience to the impact of automation. Leading entrepreneurs and scientists are also concerned about how to engineer intelligent systems as these systems begin implicitly taking on social obligations and responsibilities, and several of them penned an Open Letter on Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence in late 2. Whether or not we are comfortable with AI may already be moot: more pertinent questions might be whether we can and ought to build trust in systems that can make decisions beyond human oversight that may have irreversible consequences.
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Growing Investment, Benefits and Potential Risk. By providing new information and improving decision- making through data- driven strategies, AI could potentially help to solve some of the complex global challenges of the 2.
Start- ups specializing in AI applications received US$2. US$1. 5 billion in the first half of 2. Government programmes and existing technology companies add further billions (Figure 3. Leading players are not just hiring from universities, they are hiring the universities: Amazon, Google and Microsoft have moved to funding professorships and directly acquiring university researchers in the search for competitive advantage.
Toonami (/ t uː ˈ n ɑː m i / too-NAH-mee, stylized as TOONAMI) is a television programming block that primarily consists of American animation and Japanese anime. · Every step forward in artificial intelligence (AI) challenges assumptions about what machines can do. Myriad opportunities for economic benefit have created a stable. Watch NOW!! Watch Fifty Shades Darker HD Movie [720p] Online. Watch Fifty Shades Darker 2017 Online, Fifty Shades Darker 2017 Watch Online, Watch Fifty Shades Darker.
Machine learning techniques are now revealing valuable patterns in large data sets and adding value to enterprises by tackling problems at a scale beyond human capability. For example, Stanford’s computational pathologist (C- Path) has highlighted unnoticed indicators for breast cancer by analysing thousands of cellular features on hundreds of tumour images,4 while Deep. Mind increased the power usage efficiency of Alphabet Inc.’s data centres by 1. AI applications can reduce costs and improve diagnostics with staggering speed and surprising creativity.
The generic term AI covers a wide range of capabilities and potential capabilities. Some serious thinkers fear that AI could one day pose an existential threat: a “superintelligence” might pursue goals that prove not to be aligned with the continued existence of humankind. Such fears relate to “strong” AI or “artificial general intelligence” (AGI), which would be the equivalent of human- level awareness, but which does not yet exist.
Current AI applications are forms of “weak” or “narrow” AI or “artificial specialized intelligence” (ASI); they are directed at solving specific problems or taking actions within a limited set of parameters, some of which may be unknown and must be discovered and learned. Tasks such as trading stocks, writing sports summaries, flying military planes and keeping a car within its lane on the highway are now all within the domain of ASI. As ASI applications expand, so do the risks of these applications operating in unforeseeable ways or outside the control of humans. The 2. 01. 0 and 2. ASI applications can have unanticipated real- world impacts, while Alpha. Go shows how ASI can surprise human experts with novel but effective tactics (Box 3.
In combination with robotics, AI applications are already affecting employment and shaping risks related to social inequality. AI has great potential to augment human decision- making by countering cognitive biases and making rapid sense of extremely large data sets: at least one venture capital firm has already appointed an AI application to help determine its financial decisions. Gradually removing human oversight can increase efficiency and is necessary for some applications, such as automated vehicles. However, there are dangers in coming to depend entirely on the decisions of AI systems when we do not fully understand how the systems are making those decisions. Box 3. 2. 1: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Warfareby Jean- Marc Rickli, Geneva Centre for Security Policy.
One sector that saw the huge disruptive potential of AI from an early stage is the military. The weaponization of AI will represent a paradigm shift in the way wars are fought, with profound consequences for international security and stability. Serious investment in autonomous weapon systems (AWS) began a few years ago; in July 2. Pentagon’s Defense Science Board published its first study on autonomy, but there is no consensus yet on how to regulate the development of these weapons. The international community started to debate the emerging technology of lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS) in the framework of the United Nations Convention on Conventional Weapon (CCW) in 2. Yet, so far, states have not agreed on how to proceed.
Those calling for a ban on AWS fear that human beings will be removed from the loop, leaving decisions on the use lethal force to machines, with ramifications we do not yet understand. There are lessons here from non- military applications of AI. Consider the example of Alpha. Go, the AI Go- player created by Google’s Deep. Mind division, which in March last year beat the world’s second- best human player. Some of Alpha. Go’s moves puzzled observers, because they did not fit usual human patterns of play. Deep. Mind CEO Demis Hassabis explained the reason for this difference as follows: “unlike humans, the Alpha. Go program aims to maximize the probability of winning rather than optimizing margins”.
If this binary logic – in which the only thing that matters is winning while the margin of victory is irrelevant – were built into an autonomous weapons system, it would lead to the violation of the principle of proportionality, because the algorithm would see no difference between victories that required it to kill one adversary or 1,0. Autonomous weapons systems will also have an impact on strategic stability. Since 1. 94. 5, the global strategic balance has prioritized defensive systems – a priority that has been conducive to stability because it has deterred attacks. However, the strategy of choice for AWS will be based on swarming, in which an adversary’s defence system is overwhelmed with a concentrated barrage of coordinated simultaneous attacks.
Toonami - Wikipedia. Toonami (too- NAH- mee, stylized as TOONAMI) is a television programming block that primarily consists of Americananimation and Japaneseanime. It was created by Sean Akins and Jason De. Marco and produced by Williams Street.
The name is a portmanteau of the words "cartoon" and "tsunami", suggesting a "tidal wave" of animated shows. Toonami initially ran as an afternoon and evening block on Cartoon Network aimed at teens 1. In its original run, the block was known for showcasing action anime that became widely popular with American audiences. It was also recognized for its distinctive space- themed backdrop, anime music videos, drum and bass- flavored soundtrack, and host (a robot named T. O. M., short for Toonami Operations Module). On May 2. 6, 2. 01.
Cartoon Network relaunched Toonami as part of their Adult Swim block—which continues as a Saturday night action block from its forerunner, Midnight Run. Shows from the older lineup have occasionally returned, along with newer shows. Outside the United States, Cartoon Network aired Toonami blocks in Australia from 2. In the United Kingdom, Toonami was a standalone channel from 2. In December 2. 01.
Toonami was launched as a standlone channel in Asia- Pacific. Similar channels were launched in India in 2. France in 2. 01. 6. History and events[edit]1.
Moltar era[edit]Toonami was Cartoon Network's primary action- animation block. The block premiered on March 1. It initially replaced Power Zone, Cartoon Network's most recent incarnation of the Super Adventures block, which had been a staple on the network since October 1, 1. Watch Synecdoche, New York Streaming. Toonami was originally a weekday afternoon cartoon and action block hosted by Space Ghost villain- turned- producer Moltar (voiced by C. Martin Croker) at the Ghost Planet Industries building from 1. July 9, 1. 99. 9.
T. O. M. 1 era[edit]On Saturday, July 1. Cartoon Network relaunched Toonami with a new environment, the Ghost Planet Spaceship Absolution, and a new host named T. O. M. (voiced by Sonny Strait), which introduced viewers to him with this speech: “So it's a brand new Toonami, but the mission objectives remain the same. My name is TOM. I'm the new Moltar. Welcome aboard the Ghost Planet Spaceship Absolution, Cartoon Network's first and only interstellar broadcast and exploration vehicle. I'll give you the tour later.
From this day forward she is completely responsible for all Toonami transmissions. I'm takin' you guys into the new millennium! No big changes now, same show, same attitude; new place to do it, new guy to do it with.
I'm not going to waste any more time, let's get back into it. Later.”Also introduced that day was the Midnight Run, a late night block. It was originally a five- hour Saturday night block (technically Sunday) at midnight EST until March 2. January 2. 00. 3. It ran from 1. 99.
EST to 5: 0. 0 am from 1. It consisted of anime such as Dragon Ball Z, Sailor Moon, Voltron, Robotech, Mobile Suit Gundam Wing, and Outlaw Star. Midnight Run tended to have more blood and violence than its daytime counterpart, at one point even running an uncut version of Gundam Wing.[1] One special edition that started on Friday, August 3. Gorillaz including "Clint Eastwood" and "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger", Kenna's "Hellbent," and from Daft Punk's Interstella 5.
Another event was Dragon Ball Z taking over the Midnight Run for a week starting on March 2. Starting in September 2. Toonami presented special interactive events known as Total Immersion Events (TIEs). These TIEs took place both on- air during Toonami and online at the official site, Toonami. Dragon Ball Z,[3] returned for a new season. The first TIE was The Intruder, which introduced T.
O. M.'s companion, an AI matrix known as S. A. R. A. (voiced by Sally Timms). The Intruder was an eight episode mini- series that aired during Toonami from September 1.
It involved the Absolution being attacked by an alien blob known only as "the Intruder", which ultimately devoured T. O. M. 2. 00. 0–'0. T. O. M. 2 era[edit]. Toonami logo used from February 2.
March 1. 4, 2. 00. Though The Intruder resulted in the destruction of T. O. M., he was soon after upgraded by S. A. R. A. from a short Bomberman- esque character to a taller, sleeker, deeper- voiced incarnation dubbed T. O. M. 2 (voiced by Steven Blum, who has since been the voice of all subsequent incarnations of the character). A Saturday morning incarnation, Toonami Rising Sun, ran from 2.
It later ran from 1. This block was somewhat hampered to avoid competing with sister network Kids' WB. From July 3. 0, 2. June 2. 8, 2. 00. Kids WB aired a Toonami block that was, more or less, the Kids' WB lineup with the Toonami name.
It was critically panned by industry observers, who noticed that the action branding of the block - which had added shows such as Generation O!, Scooby- Doo, and The Nightmare Room, a live- action series created by Goosebumps author R. L. Stine - did not translate content- wise. In spring 2. 00. 2, Kids' WB announced that they would drop the Toonami name from their weekday lineup, once again making the Toonami brand exclusive to Cartoon Network. The TIE, Lockdown, aired between September 1. Cartoon. Network. MMORPG, as well as a record- breaking amount of page views and ratings for the network.[4] In Lockdown T. Watch Paradox Dailymotion more. O. M. fights to save the Absolution from an attack by a giant trash compactor.[5]Trapped in Hyperspace, the next TIE, ran the week of September 1.
The ship's computer, SARA, is infected by a computer virus named Swayzak, and TOM is trapped in hyperspace. He manages to defeat Swayzak before the Absolution hits Earth.[6]During the week of February 2.
Cartoon Network aired on Toonami "Giant Robot Week," a five- day special based on mecha series, which were licensed by A. D. Vision. The series shown were Neon Genesis Evangelion, Gigantor, Robotech, Martian Successor Nadesico, and Dai- Guard.[7]2. T. O. M. 3 era[edit]In March 2. TOM was revamped into a more muscular figure.
This was explained in- universe as him being rebuilt after fighting a space pirate. TOM 3 focused on staying in shape, seen when he lifted weights in some bumpers and works out at the beginning of the 2. Summer Kick- Off Special. His voice also became more humanlike. The TIE in September 2. D universe. Immortal Grand Prix (IGPX), created by Toonami producers Sean Akins and Jason De.
Marco, and produced by anime studio Production I. G, aired in five short installments, serving as a pilot for the second Toonami original series, which premiered in November 2.